Historic portrait of Antoine Arnauld, showcasing the thoughtful expression of the 17th-century French philosopher and theologian known for his critical contributions to Jansenism and debates with Descartes.

Antoine Arnauld: A French Philosopher and Theologian

by History of Western philosophyPhilosophyWestern Philosophy

⚫Arnauld made significant contributions in the fields of philosophy, logic, and theology.
⚫The theological foundations greatly shaped his philosophical stances, especially because of his strong endorsement of Jansenism.
⚫Engaging in profound dialogues with influential thinkers such as Descartes and Malebranche, he greatly influenced contemporary discourse.
⚫His work explored the complex interplay between reason, faith, freedom of will, and moral responsibility.

Painting of philosopher René Descartes with the Cartesian Coordinate System, symbolizing his contributions to modern philosophy and mathematics.

René Descartes: Father of Modern Philosophy & Mind-Body Dualism

by History of Western philosophyPhilosophyWestern Philosophy

⚫Descartes championed rationalism, emphasizing the primacy of reason in acquiring knowledge.
⚫He utilized radical skepticism to question existing beliefs and seek absolute certainty.
⚫In his exploration of the mind-body relationship, Descartes developed the theory of mind-body dualism.
⚫The Cartesian Coordinate System revolutionized geometry, laying the foundation for calculus.
⚫Descartes’ enduring legacy continues to influence philosophical debates on rationalism, empiricism, and the nature of knowledge.